FBSTS: Innovative Assessment Tool for Futsal Basic Skills in Higher Education Learning

This study developed the Futsal Basic Skill Test Series (FBSTS), an innovative tool employing a series approach to assessing futsal technical skills in higher education. The research was guided by a Research and Development (R&D) approach based on the Borg and Gall model to develop the Futsal Basic Skill Test Series (FBSTS). The research process consisted of a needs analysis phase through literature review and a survey of 51 respondents (47 students, 4 lecturers) to identify gaps in futsal skill assessment; design and development phase involved constructing tests for passing, dribbling, receiving, and shooting, validated by experts; testing phase included initial and final trials of 15 and 60 students respectively, with validity analyzed using product-moment correlation and reliability assessed through Cronbach's alpha; and revision phase was based on design, development, and testing results, enhancing the accuracy and effectiveness of FBSTS as a futsal skill assessment tool. Statistical analyses indicated high validity (<img src=image/19940797_01.gif>>0.70) and reliability (<img src=image/19940797_01.gif>>0.80), substantiating the FBSTS as a reliable evaluation instrument. The FBSTS integrates fundamental skills (dribbling, passing, receiving, and shooting) within dynamic game scenarios, promoting comprehensive skill assessment. Designed for environments with limited resources, it utilizes basic equipment such as balls, cones, and bounce boards, ensuring accessibility and practicality. The findings underscore the FBSTS's substantial contributions to futsal education, facilitating objective assessments and supporting adaptive learning strategies tailored to diverse student needs. This tool provides educators with a comprehensive framework to enhance technical proficiency and align instruction with contemporary sports education demands. While the FBSTS has demonstrated efficacy, further research is recommended to expand its applicability to broader demographics and settings, with the incorporation of digital technology enhancing operational efficiency and minimizing errors. The FBSTS's social impact is notable, as it fosters inclusivity by democratizing access to quality futsal training, addressing regional disparities, and fostering equitable opportunities in sports education. The research's advancement of the pedagogical framework for futsal is significant, as it bridges gaps in skill assessment, reinforces its role in higher education curricula, and elevates the standards of sports education in Indonesia and beyond.