Relationship Between Noise Characteristics (Frequency Cut-off Point) and Communication Skills and Cognitive Triad in Industrial Workers

Background and aims: Sound is one of the most significant factors influencing communication and cognitive processes in industrial environments. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the complex relationship between noise characteristics, specifically the frequency cut-off point, and proficiency in communication and cognitive abilities. Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was conducted with a sample of 263 workers in the tile industry. The sound equivalent level (Leq) and dosimetry were calculated using the standard methods established by the American Conference of Governmental and Industrial Hygienists and ISO 9612. Sound pressure levels were recorded in octave band center frequencies using a calibrated sound analyzer (CEL-450 model). Additionally, the Cognitive Triad Inventory (CTI) and the Queendom Communication Skills Test-Revised (QCSTR) were employed to assess communication and cognitive skills, respectively. The data were analyzed using independent samples t-tests, Pearson’s correlation coefficient, and one-way analysis of variance. Results: The subjects were exposed to a Leq with a dose of 13.54±86.76 and 4246.34±1784.20, respectively. The scores for the CTI and the QCSTR were 11.35±111.90 and 20.92±153.05, respectively. The results indicated a significant difference in CTI scores based on gender (P<0.001). Additionally, an inverse and significant relationship was observed between exposure dose and CTI scores (P=0.004). Furthermore, no significant differences were found in CTI and QCSTR scores between the two groups exposed to low (f≤250 Hz) and high (f>250 Hz) dominant frequency sounds. Conclusion: An increase in exposure dose was associated with a decrease in CTI scores. Contrarily, no significant correlation was observed between CTI and QCSTR scores in the two groups exposed to low and high dominant frequency sounds. This finding supports the notion that depression is more prevalent in men.