Quasiparticle and superfluid dynamics in Magic-Angle Graphene
Magic-Angle Twisted Bilayer Graphene (MATBG) shows a wide range of correlated phases which are electrostatically tunable. Despite a growing knowledge of the material, there is yet no consensus on the microscopic mechanisms driving its superconducting phase. A major obstacle to progress in this direction is that key thermodynamic properties, such as specific heat, electron-phonon coupling and superfluid stiffness, are challenging to measure due to the 2D nature of the material and its relatively low energy scales. Here, we use a gate-defined, radio frequency-biased, Josephson junction to probe the electronic dynamics of MATBG. We demonstrate evidence for two processes determining the low-frequency dynamics across the phase diagram: thermalization of electronic quasiparticles through phonon scattering and inductive response of the superconducting condensate. A phenomenological approach allows us to relate the experimentally observed dynamics to several thermodynamic properties of MATBG, including electron-phonon coupling and superfluid stiffness. Our findings support anisotropic or nodal superconductivity in MATBG and demonstrate a broadly applicable method for studying properties of 2D materials with out-of-equilibrium nanodevice dynamics.
Authors
- Artem O. Denisov (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9095-1579)
- Takashi Taniguchi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1467-3105)
- J. H. Pixley (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3109-640X)
- Peter Rickhaus (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3828-8153)
- Elías Portolés (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7202-777X)
- Kenji Watanabe (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3701-8119)
- Thomas Ihn (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5587-6953)
- Pavel A. Volkov (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7586-9788)
- Folkert K. de Vries (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6732-6513)
- K. Ensslin (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7007-6949)
- Giulia Zheng (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3503-4940)
- Alexandra Mestre-Torá (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0000-1010-2922)
- Mathilde Toschini
- Yana Kemna
- Marta Perego (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0007-4830-4934)
Institutions
- Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey (US)
- University of Connecticut (US)
- National Institute for Materials Science (JP)
- Harvard University Press (US)
- ETH Zurich (CH)
- Flatiron Health (United States) (US)
- Flatiron Institute (US)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Nature Communications
- Published
- 2025-05-08
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-58325-0
- Citations
- 3
- Primary Topic
- Graphene research and applications
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 1.55
Funders
- National Science Foundation
- Aspen Center for Physics
- Graphene Flagship
- European Commission
- Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
- Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung
- Fundación Bancaria Caixa d'Estalvis i Pensions de Barcelona
- Horizon 2020 Framework Programme
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science
- National Center of Competence in Research Quantum Science and Technology
- Division of Materials Research
- Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology
- H2020 European Research Council
- HORIZON EUROPE European Innovation Council