Design And Simulation Of Wide Band Circularly Polarized Antenna For Sub-6ghz 5g Applications

A wideband circularly polarized antenna is designed and simulated for sub-6 GHz 5G applications using ANSYS HFSS. The antenna structure incorporates a carefully optimized patch, feed network, and material setup to achieve enhanced bandwidth, high gain, and stable circular polarization characteristics. The feeding and radiating elements were modeled using Perfect Electric Conductor (PEC) materials to eliminate conduction losses, while a low-permittivity substrate (relative permittivity varying from 1 to 2) was used to enhance radiation efficiency. Teflon was employed as the dielectric layer within the connector assembly, and vacuum was applied for the surrounding radiating environment to simulate ideal free-space conditions. The antenna achieved a return loss of -25.67 dB at approximately 5.11 GHz, a wide bandwidth from 4.91 GHz to 5.20 GHz, and a peak realized gain of about 8.08 dBi. Circular polarization was verified with an axial ratio below 3 dB across the operational band. The results confirm that the proposed antenna is well-suited for sub-6 GHz 5G wireless communication systems, offering high efficiency, wide bandwidth, and robust polarization performance. Key words: 5G antenna, circular polarization, wideband antenna, sub-6 GHz, ANSYS HFSS, realized gain, axial ratio, microstrip patch, Teflon dielectric