Entrapment of the Superficial Peroneal Nerve at a Band Proximal to the Crural Fascia: A Cadaveric Case Report

The superficial peroneal nerve (SPN), a branch of the common peroneal nerve, typically courses through the anterolateral compartment of the leg and emerges by piercing the crural fascia in the distal third of the leg. Although rare, entrapment of the SPN may occur at its fascial exit point and can lead to sensory symptoms in its cutaneous distribution. According to existing literature, entrapment sites are usually located 50-100 mm proximal to the lateral malleolus. In this dissection report, we present a case of SPN entrapment in a 75-year-old male, observed 47 mm proximal to the lateral malleolus, where the nerve was compressed beneath a fibrous band at its point of emergence through the crural fascia. The precise location of SPN compression is clinically significant for the accurate diagnosis of entrapment syndromes and for guiding surgical intervention. Awareness of such topographical variants is essential in the evaluation and management of chronic lower leg pain.