Central Asia: Borders, Resources, and Power. The Roots of Conflict in the Fergana Valley

The Fergana Valley, as a strategic and multiethnic region of Central Asia, has long been a center of conflict. This study analyzes the ethnic conflicts in the Fergana Valley by focusing on historical, economic, and political causes. This study examines the impact of inequalities in resource sharing, artificial borders, and regional power struggles on ethnic tensions. Empirical analysis of the conflicts in the valley reveals that competition over natural resources, border disputes, and political manipulation by local leaders have played a key role in exacerbating tensions. This study emphasizes that fair resource management and regional cooperation are crucial for achieving sustainable peace. Keywords: Fergana Valley, ethnic conflict, resource sharing, Central Asia, border disputes.