Impact of dust storms on plant biomass: Model structure and dynamic study

Dust storms endanger humans and the ecosystem. One efficient way to reduce dust storms is using plant biomass in a greenbelt. Reforestation is required to enhance plant biomass. Reforestation efforts can be assessed by their financial cost. This study provides a mathematical model for how dust storms affect plant biomass dynamics. The planned model is accurately described. The model's analysis is centered on identifying prospective equilibrium positions. The study indicates that it is feasible to establish four steady states. The stability analysis illustrates that all steady states are consistently stable under the specified conditions. The local bifurcations at each steady state are derived; specifically, transcritical bifurcation and Hopf bifurcation. The theoretical study is validated through numerical simulations. The analysis shows that desertification may arise if the coefficients related to the depletion of reforestation initiatives, the implementation rate of these initiatives, the depletion of plant biomass due to dust pollutants, and the plant biomass-induced dust pollutants depletion coefficient cannot be controlled.