Thermal radiation and local thermal non-equilibrium effects on bioconvection hybrid nanofluid using classical and modified Hamilton-Crosser models

This article presents a brief analysis of the effect of thermal radiation and local thermal non-equilibrium effects on gyrotactic and Oxytactic microbes in bioconvection flow of hybrid nanofluid using classical and modified Hamilton-Crosser models. In a variety of systems, such as enzyme biosensors, bacterial-powered micromixers, microbial fuel cells, chip-shaped microdevices like micro-volumes and bio-microsystems like microfluidic devices, the incorporation of oxytactic and gyrotactic microbes into nanoparticles increases their thermal efficiency. By enhancing wastewater treatment processes and encouraging microbes to more effectively break down pollutants, this technique can help environmental engineering. By encouraging the improvement of more efficient photobioreactors, it increases the production of biofuel in the field of renewable energy. Materials scientists could use this concept to develop controlled nanostructured materials with predictable thermal and compositional characteristics. With the use of suitable similarity variables, the MATLAB solver bvp4c program can be used to numerically solve the system of ODEs (ordinary differential equations) that are produced using the leading PDEs (partial differential equations). As the inter-phase heat transfer characteristic increases, the liquid and solid phases' respective thermal profiles increase and decrease.