Optimal operating conditions of PES/BiFeO3 mixed matrix membrane for treating dye-contaminated wastewater

• A novel method Incorporates of (BiFeO 3 NPs) into Poly(ether-Sulfone) (PES/BiFeO 3 ) MMMs to remove MB dye by simulating dye-contaminated wastewater. • RSM and ANOVA were applied to enhance the technique's large-scale effectiveness. The impact of BiFeO 3 NPs content, initial dye concentration, and pressure on MMMs performance was optimized. • PES/BiFeO 3 -based MMMs had optimal efficiency with 63.5 kg/m 2 h flux and 97.97 % MB dye rejection. In order to manufacture mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) for the treatment of dye-contaminated wastewater, this work intends to optimize the operational and manufacturing factors influencing the incorporation of (Bismuth Ferrite) nanoparticles (BiFeO 3 NPs) into Poly(ether-Sulfone) (PES/BiFeO 3 ). A regression model for the investigation of permeate flux and percentage removal was developed using response surface methods (RSM) and analysis of variance (ANOVA). A set of experimental runs for the ultrafiltration (UF) setup was constructed utilizing the central composite design of experiment method. This study examined how operating and preparation conditions affected PES/BiFeO 3 membrane permeate flux and MB rejection for all membrane samples. BiFeO 3 NPs content (0-0.4 wt.%), MB dye concentration (5-12.5 ppm), and transmembrane pressure (1 to 4) bar were among the variables examined. The operational parameters were further optimized for the intended removal conditions using the developed models. For maximal permeate flux (63.5 LMH) and 97.974% Congo red dye removal, the optimum operating and preparation parameters were determined to be 0.25, 10 ppm, and 2.57 bar for BiFeO 3 concentration, initial dye concentration, and operation pressure, respectively. After being tested under experimental conditions, the developed model was determined to be the best fit. The PES/BiFeO 3 membranes shown improved flux and separation capabilities, according to the optimization findings, which makes them appropriate for treating hazardous dye wastewater in a variety of applications.