Sizing optimization of hybrid hydrogen energy storage systems: A metamodel-based approach

Hybrid energy storage systems (HESS), consisting of a battery, hydrogen storage, electrolyzer and fuel cell, have received increasing attention from the scientific community in recent years as they can help increase the use of renewable energy. In this paper, a novel metamodel-based sizing optimization workflow is developed. The workflow is demonstrated on residential building scenarios with real solar power data. Sobol sequences are utilized to vary the component size in simulation, while radial basis functions are employed to approximate simulation results, which are then used for the optimization. The utilization of waste heat from Power-to-Gas and Gas-to-Power processes is evaluated using thermal equations by extending an existing coupled electrochemical and thermodynamic HESS model built in the multiphysical energy system simulator MEgy. The results show a functional workflow that optimizes sizing for a given scenario and outputs the component’s daily energy balance and state of charge. • Metamodel-based sizing optimization outperforms classical workflows drastically. • H2-HESS is simulated in novel multiphysical energy system simulator MEgy using DAEs. • After initial MEgy simulations, optimization for each scenario takes only 45 seconds. • Seasonal utilization of hydrogen storage arises from the energy management used. • Results show a high correlation between metamodel-based and simulation results.