Evaluation of Water Quality Monitoring Studies: Current Status and Practices

Water quality monitoring studies are of great importance for the sustainable use and protection of water resources. These studies entail the periodic measurement of physical, chemical, and biological parameters in water resources. These assessments are particularly crucial for the identification of alterations in surface and groundwater, and for the regulation of biological, chemical, and physical parameters within water bodies. This systematic observation process facilitates the implementation of effective management decisions by providing a comprehensive assessment of the current status of water bodies. The Water Framework Directive is widely acknowledged as a foundational document for the preservation and management of water resources within the European Union. It has played a pivotal role in the development of methodological approaches for the monitoring of water quality and the enhancement of data networks. The directive enables the precise evaluation of water resources contamination and environmental hazards. Water quality monitoring is also crucial for the early detection of water pollution and the timely implementation of interventions. These monitoring processes also reveal the impacts of agricultural, urban, and industrial activities on water resources. The objective of this study is to provide a comparative evaluation of water quality monitoring activities conducted under the European Union Water Framework Directive and those carried out in Türkiye. In this context, the institutional and legal infrastructure in Türkiye has been examined, and the compatibility of existing structures with the Water Framework Directive has been analyzed. In Türkiye, the responsibility for water quality monitoring is divided among various institutional bodies. It is evident that establishing precise responsibilities and operational domains for these institutions will enable more expeditious and effective access to the requisite data. The study also offers solution proposals and policy recommendations for improving water quality monitoring systems in Türkiye.