Understanding the Impact of Teleoperation Technology on the Construction Industry: Adoption Dynamics, Workforce Perception, and the Role of Broader Workforce Participation

The construction industry is undergoing a transformative shift with the integration of advanced technologies such as teleoperation, which holds the potential to significantly enhance operational practices and workforce dynamics. This research delves into the adoption of equipment automation technologies within the construction industry, focusing on the critical role of teleoperation. By identifying the key benefits and barriers associated with the adoption of teleoperation, the study underscores its necessity for advancing industry practices. Additionally, it provides insights into the diverse factors that influence technology acceptance and integration. Employing a mixed methodology approach, including semistructured interviews with industry experts and a comprehensive survey of 220 construction professionals, the study identifies key factors influencing the adoption of teleoperation and other equipment automation technologies. The analysis reveals significant organizational characteristics such as company size, sector, and project type that affect technology adoption strategies. Additionally, the study highlights the demographics and gender-specific differences in perceptions of adopting teleoperation, with women expressing greater concerns about job security and safety, while men focus on operational efficiency and performance. Despite the evident benefits of teleoperation, including enhanced worker safety and improved efficiency, significant barriers persist, such as high costs, technological readiness, and fears of labor replacement. The findings suggest that teleoperation has the potential to diversify the workforce by making construction roles more accessible to underrepresented groups. The study concludes with practical recommendations for stakeholders, including developing inclusive teleoperation systems, fostering industrywide collaboration, and advancing diversity and inclusion to encourage widespread adoption and create a safer, more efficient, and inclusive construction environment.