Disseminated Peritoneal Leiomyomatosis: A Rare Entity (A Case Report)

Disseminated peritoneal leiomyomatosis (DPL), or leiomyomatosis peritonealis disseminata, is a sporadic benign disorder characterized by multiple solid nodules of peritoneal smooth muscle that proliferate along the abdominopelvic cavity. The cause of the disease is unknown, although iatrogenic and hormonal stimulation have been suggested as causes. It mainly affects women of reproductive age. Imaging studies are important in determining the extent of lesions and the presence of malignancy. There are no conventional therapeutic guidelines for the treatment of DPL, and therefore the risk of malignant transformation is low. We discuss the case of a 46-year-old woman who had previously undergone laparoscopic hysterectomy and presented 4 years later with numerous peritoneal tumors.The diagnosis of DPL was suspected by computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging and confirmed by histology.