Association between body mass index and diabetes mellitus control classification among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: Evidence from the National Diabetes Registry of Muar District Health Office, Malaysia, from January 2021 to July 2023

A total of 1955 patients were included in the study. The prevalence of good, intermediate and poor BMI control was 38.8% (95% Confident Interval (CI)=36.7, 41.0), 22.2% (95% CI=20.3, 24.0) and 39.0% (95% CI=36.7, 41.2), respectively. Most patients were older Malay women. There was an association between BMI and DM control unadjusted (P<0.001) and adjusted for several confounding factors using seven models (P=0.003-0.034). The R² value also improved from 0.008 to 0.293. Conclusion: Among patients with T2DM, a higher BMI, the creatinine level and medications such as glucose-lowering drugs, ticlopidine, acetylsalicylic acid and statins are associated with DM control. However, as the study design does not allow for the assessment of causality or progression over time, the findings should be interpreted as descriptive associations rather than as evidence of cause-and-effect relationships. Focus on medication compliance, healthcare providers' role during medication consultation and stakeholders' role in maintaining drug supplementation is needed.