Below the state-led radar: Handling the Saint Petersburg microregion

Despite the diversity of works in other disciplines, the study of microregions in International Relations (IR) remains underdeveloped. This paper seeks to reduce this gap by examining the case of Saint Petersburg microregion, providing a North Eurasian example and exploring the complex relationship between micro- and macrolevel regionalism in a global context. The aim is to develop an analytical model for understanding microregions within the broader framework of regionalism. Using a case study method and analysing the object as a changing entity over time, the paper approaches microregional dynamics from the perspective of structural transformations. Saint Petersburg is a good example of the application of this method: while historically engaged in partnerships with Western countries, it has undergone significant changes in response to recent geopolitical tensions, leading the city to seek closer cooperation with non-Western partners. By examining this strategic reorientation, the study provides insights into the linkages between microregions and broader regional dynamics, highlighting the importance of flexibility and resilience in the face of global challenges. Ultimately, this analysis highlights the crucial role of microregions in shaping regionalism and their ability to influence – and be influenced by – broader state-level forces.