Design and Implementation of a Millimeter-Wave Microstrip Antenna Array with Integrated Lens for Automotive Radar Applications

A modern analysis of next-generation automotive radar designs examines the antenna array methodology together with its electromagnetic simulations and experimental data validation of engineered dielectric lens microstrip arrays. The proposed system functions in the 76-81 GHz automotive bandwidth and performs superior to standard planar array configurations. The combination of an innovative dielectric lens structure allows our design to generate exceptional beam-forming capabilities because it delivers a measured peak gain of 32 dBi at 77 GHz, which surpasses regular implementation methods. The system provides top-level angular resolution through its 2.5-degree 3 dB beamwidth while offering excellent sidelobe suppression reaching below -20 dB level within the operational frequency bands. Engineering analysis results together with laboratory measurements confirm that the design successfully fulfills the demanding specifications that ADAS and autonomous vehicle systems require. Advanced characteristics of the architecture encompass its ability to perform wide-angle beam scanning ranging from ±30° with stable gain distribution, excellent impedance adaptability, and strong resistance to external disturbances. Automotive radar technology has received substantial growth through this research, which provides an effective approach to achieve detailed target recognition in challenging highway environments.