Characteristics of Severe Dengue Infection with Compensated and Decompensated Shock in Children in a Tertiary Hospital in Bali, Indonesia

Severe dengue infection in Indonesia has a high mortality rate. This study aims to identify the characteristics of severe dengue infection with compensated and decompensated shock in children at a tertiary hospital in Bali, Indonesia. This study employs a descriptive retrospective design with a cross-sectional approach to identify the characteristics of severe dengue infection in children with compensated and decompensated shock at a tertiary hospital. Secondary data were utilized from children with dengue infection who were treated at Prof. Dr. I G. N. G. Ngoerah hospital from January to December 2023. The study population consists of children with dengue infection. The inclusion criteria include children aged 0–18 years diagnosed with severe dengue infection, while the exclusion criteria are children with incomplete medical record data. Prevalence of severe dengue infection in children was 36.9%, with 55.4% presenting with compensated shock. Of the 64 patients, the majority were children and adolescents (95.4%), with 70.8% being male. Most patients had good nutritional status (58.5%), no comorbidities (93.8%), and secondary dengue infection (89.2%). The median values of leukocytes, hemoglobin, hematocrit, platelets, and the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in the compensated and decompensated shock groups were 5.25 and 6.1; 14.4 and 14.2; 42.6 and 43.1; 36 and 29; and 0.58 and 0.96, respectively. The mortality rate was 3.1%. Majority of children with severe dengue infection were children and adolescents, male, with good nutritional status, no comorbidities, and secondary infection. All cases of severe dengue manifested with significant plasma leakage, with a survival rate of 96.9%.