Bacillus sp. CZ-Rh4, CZ-Rh7, and CZ-L11 Extracts as a Source of Antioxidants and Anti-inflammatory Agents: A Comparative In Vitro Study

Bacteria with medicinal potential are receiving research attention from scientists. This study was conducted to explore the in vitro antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential of extracts from Bacillus sp. CZ-Rh4, Bacillus sp. CZ-Rh7, and Bacillus sp. CZ-L11. Four methods including: 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl free radical neutralization, 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) free radical neutralization, total antioxidant capacity, and ferric reducing-antioxidant power were used to evaluate antioxidant activity. Besides, four methods such as: nitric oxide formation inhibition, red blood cell membrane protection, inhibition of bovine serum albumin and egg white albumin denaturation were used to evaluate anti-inflammatory activity. From the results obtained, extracts from endophytic bacterial strains showed good in vitro antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Besides, the in vitro antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of the extracts depended on the total polyphenol and flavonoid content. Bacillus sp. CZ-Rh4, Bacillus sp. CZ-Rh7, and Bacillus sp. CZ-L11 were able to produce secondary metabolites as natural sources of antioxidants and anti-inflammatory materials.