Land Productivity and Fertility Nexus Study in Dakahlia Governorate Using Gis and Remote Sensing

Degradation of crop productivity and soil fertility and fails to meet the demands of it is growing population in the study area. The image was enhanced using ENVI 5.1 software from Landsat ETM+ soil fertility and productivity assessment using remote sensing and GIS. Soil productivity and fertility assessment are important for to a sustainable ecosystem. Soil fertility and productivity indicators according to Riquier et al., (1970).The landscape area includes High river terrace (HRT), low river terraces (LRT), Overflow basin (OB), Overflow mantle (OM), Decantation basin (DB), Sand sheet (SS), Hammock area (H), Costal sand bar (CSB) ,Relatively low clay flats (RLC) Wet Sabkha (WS), Gypsiferrous flats (GF), Swamps (S) and Water bodies (WB). About 63.68% of the area is highly fertile, (class I), Soils in this area have been categorized into five mapping units: HRT, LRT, OB, OM and RLC. Approximately 6.86% of the area, is of Good fertility (class II), the soils of SS mapping unit, Class III, VI, and V soils not available. The Land Productivity index classification, outcome, about 29.13% of the total area are classified as excellent productivity class (I). It is made up of units LRT and RLC. Approximately 12.53% of the total area, falls under the good productivity category class (II). It consists of unit HRT. Approximately 22.02% of the total area fall under average class (III), it consists of units OB and OM. Approximately 6.86% of the area, classified as Low Productivity class (IV), it consists of unit SS.