The Important of SNPs as Molecular Markers in Plant Pathology Branch, Targets and Applications

Using molecular markers in the improvement of plant sciences research is considered one of the most promising fields, as it shows accurate analysis of genetic variation, understanding of biological phenomena in plants and building a correlation between genomic and phenotypes. The single nucleotide base polymorphism method, which is abundant through DNA genomic is one of the molecular markers used in differentiation or variation and identification studies. SNPs are a very important molecular marker, as it uses in important studies such as mapping, tagging of economic genes, genotyping, diversity analysis and evaluation. Many tools were used in the identification of SNPs, every tool has its advantages and limitation, choice of a certain tool depends on consideration of the research and the availability of the resources. This review shows the important reasons for the use SNPs in the research field and the different tools used in the detection or identification of SNPs with a wide range of facilities ranging from low-cost equipment to high-cost technology.