Differential Role of CD155 Immunostaining and Subcellular Localisation in Urothelial and Squamous cell carcinoma of The Urinary Bladder

Background: Urinary Bladder carcinoma (UBC) is a major health problem. Cluster of differentiation 155 (CD155) is often overexpressed in tumours of different origin. Overexpression of CD155 has the potential to increase the motility and viability of tumour cells. CD155 role in UBC progression and its possible role in cancer therapy constitutes an active research focus. The aim of the present study is to find out the association of immunostaining of CD155 in UBC with clinicopathological data and their corresponding nodal metastasis. Methods: Sixty formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue specimens were randomly selected of primary UBC and eleven nodal metastasis cases. Immunohistochemical staining was conducted by utilising the two-step detection system goat anti-mouse/rabbit horseradish peroxidase and results were statistically analysed. Results: High cytoplasmic CD155 (c-CD155) immunostaining was detected in 50% of patients. Tumours with high c-CD155 immunostaining were associated with high-grade urothelial carcinoma (p=0.014), muscle invasion (p=0.02), tumour necrosis (p=0.02), and schistosomiasis (p=0.026). No association with other clinicopathological factors was observed in the positive membranous CD155. On comparing CD155 in 11 pairs of primary UBC and their corresponding nodal metastasis, a concordance rate of 72.7% was found between primary tumors and their metastatic LNs where 8/11 cases maintained the same expression score. Conclusion: High c-CD155 in UBC is associated with invasiveness, highlighting its important role in cancer progression.