Catharanthus roseus: A Multipurpose Plant with their Morphology and Dosage Form

Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. Don, Frequently known as Madagascar periwinkle, is a medicinal plant of significant therapeutic importance. Belonging to the Apocynaceae family, it is well-known for producing valuable alkaloids such as vincristine and vinblastine, which are extensively used in cancer chemotherapy. Traditionally, the plant has been used to treat ailments such as diabetes, hypertension, and microbial infections. Pharmacologically, it exhibits anticancer, antidiabetic, antimicrobial, and antioxidant activities. The plant is characterized morphologically by its glossy green leaves, pink or white flowers, and slender stems. Various dosage forms including extracts, tablets, and injectable formulations have been developed from its active constituents. Despite its medicinal benefits, C. roseus may cause side effects such as nausea, hair loss, and myelosuppression, especially when used in high doses or for prolonged periods. The diverse chemical constituents and pharmacological potential of C. roseus make it a critical plant in both traditional and modern medicine.