Agroforestry Practices and their Impact on Crop Yield and Income in Kisii, Kenya

Agroforestry represents a sustainable land management practice, merging agricultural production with environmental stewardship. This study investigates the impact of agroforestry practices on crop yield and household income among smallholder farmers in Kisii County, Kenya. Using a simulated dataset of 300 households, key variables such as household characteristics, agroforestry types, tree species selection, and perceptions of soil fertility were analyzed. Statistical techniques, including descriptive statistics, group comparisons, linear and logistic regression, were employed to explore these relationships. Results reveal that access to extension services significantly enhances crop yield, while the influence of agroforestry on income levels and soil fertility improvements remains nuanced. Additionally, early adoption of agroforestry and specific tree species, notably Croton, are associated with improved soil fertility perceptions. These findings underline the importance of targeted extension services and tree species selection in promoting sustainable agricultural outcomes. Further empirical research is recommended to validate these insights and inform agroforestry policy interventions.