Rheological and thermal performance of non-Newtonian ternary nanofluids on a curved stretching sheet under magnetic field influence

This article presents a comprehensive analysis of the flow and heat transfer characteristics of non-Newtonian based ternary hybrid nanofluid over a curved extending sheet under the influence of radially applied magnetic field. The effects of Ohmic heating and viscous dissipation are also considered to make the study more generic. Graphene oxide, iron oxide, and zirconium oxide are utilized as nanoparticles immersed in the ethylene glycol to investigate the rheological properties of the nanofluid. The non-Newtonian Riner-Philippoff fluid model is opted to describe the stresses in the Navier-Stokes equations. Through appropriate transformations, the governing equations are renewed into non-similar form. The local non-similar method is employed to numerically solve the resulting partial differential equations. A behavior of flow and heat transfer is briefed through the graphical representation of the numerical results. It is observed that among the various formulations, the ternary nanofluid exerts a more pronounced effect on the drag and heat flux at the surface as compared to the hybrid and mono nanofluids. Further, Riner-Philippoff fluid parameter and curvature parameter are potential factors to control the drag and heat transfer. This research provides insight on approaches to improving thermal management systems for use in engineering, especially in areas like cooling microelectronics, extruding polymers, and transporting fluids in the medical profession.