Enhancing Route Optimization in Road Transport Systems Through Machine Learning: A Case Study of the Dakhla-Paris Corridor

Road transport systems (RTS) play an essential role in global supply chains, facilitating the efficient transport of goods and services over long distances and thus supporting economic activity on a worldwide scale. However, these systems face numerous challenges, particularly regarding safety, cost, and route optimization, requiring innovative and practical solutions to improve their overall performance. This paper proposes an in-depth analysis of RTS features forming a detailed dataset collected on the route between Dakhla (Morocco) and Paris (France). The study relies on applying advanced mathematical modeling techniques and analyzing several datasets to train various machine learning algorithms. The main objective is to identify optimized routes, combining high safety standards, reduced costs, and shorter transport times. The results show that the adopted approach results in safer and more efficient routes and complies with operational and regulatory constraints. Furthermore, this analysis highlights the importance of data quality and the integration of advanced technologies to deliver an intelligent route optimization system with significant reductions in cost and time. Finally, our results reveal that neural networks outperform other algorithms in this field, proving their superior effectiveness for this specific application.