Exploring the Bioactive and Herbal Approaches of <i>Saussurea lappa</i>: A Precious Phytoherb from the Himalayas

The Saussurea genus, particularly Dolomiaea costus (formerly Saussurea lappa), is a globally distributed perennial plant with significant medicinal usage, due to the unique biochemical composition. Despite advancements, comprehensive studies on its bioactivity remain limited. This review describes current knowledge on S. lappa, detailing its components, physiological effects, traditional uses, commercial challenges, and conservation issues. Drawing from botanical investigations and historical records, it explores S. lappa’s traditional applications across 43 ailments and delves into scientific inquiries on its therapeutic properties and chemical constituents. Emphasizing structural features and potential mechanisms, the review advocates for further research to validate and expand its medicinal potential.