LOW-COST MONITORING OF AIR QUALITY IN HIGH-TRAFFIC URBAN AREAS OF PANAMA: A PRELIMINARY ASSESSMENT

This study presents the results of atmospheric pollutant monitoring for PM₁₀, PM2.5, NO₂, and O₃ in two of the most densely populated areas of Panama. Data were collected using a low-cost Aeroqual 500 series device, which, given the limited air quality monitoring infrastructure in the country, serves as a practical tool for generating valuable information to raise awareness among citizens and local authorities. The levels of PM₁₀, PM2.5, and NO₂ were relatively low, whereas O₃ concentrations exceeded the thresholds established by organizations such as the USEPA (for comparative purposes only). The most critical sites identified include the Gran Estación de San Miguelito, where PM₁₀ levels reached up to 34 µg/m³, likely influenced by its location at the intersection of major traffic arteries (Transístmica and Tocumen). The UTP-Site 2 Tocumen University Extension, situated near a highway, recorded the highest PM₂.₅ levels at 10 µg/m³. Regarding NO₂, the highest concentrations were observed in Plaza Princesa de Gales, Panama Norte, but remained relatively low (39 ppb). Similarly, O₃ levels were elevated in Plaza Princesa de Gales, with observed values ranging from 0.066 to 122 ppm. Standard deviations suggest moderate variability in PM₁₀, PM2.5, and O₃ measurements, whereas NO₂ levels exhibited significant fluctuations. These findings underscore the considerable contribution of vehicular emissions to urban air pollution in Panama, particularly concerning the high O₃ levels. Further in-depth studies are needed to better understand these trends and their implications for air quality management.