Eye-Tracking Technologies for Facilitating Multimodal Interaction in Aviation Environments

This paper presents a comprehensive examination of eye-tracking technologies aimed at enhancing multimodal interactions within aviation environments. By reviewing and comparing various eye-tracking approaches, we provide valuable insights into their strengths, limitations, and prospective applications. Eye tracking synergizes with human–machine interfaces to optimize cockpit operations improve safety and elevate user experience. Beyond cockpit interactions, these technologies hold substantial promises in training and simulation environments, offering detailed insights into pilots’ visual attention and decision-making processes. This data-driven approach enhances pilot training programs, contributing to more effective and targeted instruction. The integration of eye-tracking data with other physiological and performance metrics fosters a deeper understanding of pilot behavior, paving the way for innovations in interface design and operational protocols. Finally, this paper discusses the diversity of current eye-tracking technologies in aviation, emphasizing their practical usability in gaze-tracking systems and multimodal interaction frameworks.