Statistical characteristics of groundwater in the Teplostanskaya Upland of Moscow

Relevance. The article presents the results of a geostatistical study of groundwater in the South-West Administrative District of Moscow in order to identify the potential and risks of groundwater use in this area using both traditional technologies and the Moran index to assess the nature of spatial connectivity. Methods. Using the specific combinatorial pollution index (SCPI), the composition and properties of water were obtained and assessed, which will allow relying on the SCPI data for drinking water use. Results. It is also shown that the time series of the monitored indicators are so variable that their standard deviation often exceeds the average value; when assessing the correlation coefficients of chemical concentrations at observation points, a synchronous increase/decrease in the values of a number of monitored indicators was found, for example, the concentration of aluminum at a number of wells and springs. The reasons for such consistency in the case of proximity of observation points are obvious, whereas with their significant distance from each other, the effect can be explained solely by the fact of rapid intra-formational mass transfer of contaminated water. A high pair correlation (r = 0.94) of the concentration of a number of pollutants was found, for example, Al with Mn, NO3, and it was suggested that this is due to the combined discharge of these substances by industrial enterprises of Moscow with the simultaneous penetration of wastewater into the soil, combined with their mass transfer. The formation of hydro/chemical “facies” of the considered section of the Teplostanskaya Upland in different years was studied; monitoring the rate of their deformation made it possible to obtain cartographic information on the formation of groundwater quality and the possibility of their economic use.