Numerical investigation of surface plasmon resonance enhancement in organic solar cells based on Ag-TiO2-ZnO grating structure

This study investigates the influence of Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) in an Ag-TiO₂-ZnO grating structure within organic solar cells (OSCs) through numerical simulations, aiming to improve the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of OSCs. The effects of silver film thickness, ZnO grating width, height, and period on the Figure of Merit (FOM) of SPR and light absorption performance were systematically evaluated. The results showed that a 45 nm silver film thickness yielded the lowest reflectance, indicating this thickness is most effective for exciting surface plasmon waves. The ZnO grating width of 1050 nm resulted in the highest FOM, demonstrating optimal light coupling. With increasing ZnO grating height, the FOM increased, though the rate of improvement gradually decreased. A ZnO grating period of 1250 nm produced the maximum FOM, suggesting optimal phase matching. Through the optimization of these structural parameters, this study provides a theoretical foundation for improving the light absorption and energy conversion efficiency of OSCs, laying the groundwork for future experimental validation and practical applications.