Full-Space Transmission–Reflection-Integrated Metasurface for Multibeam Generation on Orthogonal Planes

The transmission–reflection-integrated (TRI) metasurface plays a crucial role in multiuser communication. However, the radiation of conventional TRI metasurfaces is limited to a single plane. Here, a full-space TRI metasurface for multibeam generation on orthogonal planes is proposed. The proposed metasurface comprises two types of unit cells (UCs): transmission UCs and reflection UCs, and they adopt the ±45° symmetrical arrangements. The transmission and reflection UCs are nested by sharing the same metasurface aperture. A Fermi feed source and the <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">xoz</i> plane transmission dual-beam and <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">yoz</i> plane reflection triple-beam TRI metasurface are fabricated for measured verification. Both measurement and simulation results indicate that the proposed full-space TRI metasurface can generate two transmission beams on the <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">xoz</i> plane and three reflection beams on the <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">yoz</i> plane. The consistency between measurement and simulation results proves the feasibility of the proposed method. The demonstrated full-space metasurfaces could be potentially applied to some application scenarios, where multiple users are distributed on orthogonal planes.