Optimized Design of a Disc-Type Weak Fiber Bragg Grating Array Accelerometer Based on Multiturn Fiber Coils

In recent years, weak fiber Bragg grating (wFBG) array fiber-optic accelerometers have attracted significant attention due to their exceptional accuracy, wide dynamic range, and potential for large-scale integration. This study presents a novel disc-type wFBG array accelerometer based on multiturn fiber coil (MTFC) technology. Through systematic optimization of the elastic structure and MTFC winding parameters, this sensor achieves both a highly compact design and broadband measurement capability while reaching its optimal sensitivity. A comprehensive theoretical model was developed to elucidate the mechanical coupling mechanism between the MTFC and the disc, with strain distribution expressions derived for the sensing fiber. Finite element analysis (FEA) was employed to validate the theoretical model and optimize the structural parameters. Additionally, a comprehensive performance evaluation platform was established, with experimental results showing that the accelerometer achieves a resonant frequency of 3100 Hz, a sensitivity of 15.84 rad/g, and a lateral interference resistance capability of 5.4%. This research systematically investigates the key development stages of the fiber-optic accelerometer, including structural design, theoretical modeling, finite element simulation, and experimental validation, aiming to provide a theoretical foundation and technical support for optimizing the performance of MTFC-based accelerometers.