On the technology of waste rock dump development in coal mines

Purpose. Analysis, systematization, and visualization of technological schemes for developing waste rock dumps in coal mines, considering the types and specifications of mining equipment. Methodology. To achieve the stated objective, a comprehensive approach was applied, which included summarizing the current state of waste rock dump formation and existing methods for their development. The visualization of technological schemes for developing coal mine waste rock dumps, considering mechanization complexes, involved using the AutoCAD software, enabling the geometrization of dump development parameters, optimization of mining equipment movement routes, and identification of the most efficient sites for its placement. Results. Various forms of mine waste rock dumps were analyzed, allowing for the identification of their main types, geometric characteristics, and formation methods. The obtained data made it possible to determine the specific configurations of the dumps and propose a mechanization complex for their development. It was found that the foundation for the efficient and safe development of waste rock dumps consists of seven technological schemes, each having both common and distinctive features. It was determined that using modern tracked transport vehicles allows for overcoming steeper slopes. Additionally, considering the rotation of the dump body platform with the cabin around the base chassis, it is possible to reduce the required working platforms. Originality. A scientific classification of technological schemes has been developed based on comprehensive mechanization tools for reclamation waste dumps. This classification is determined by the dump height, available equipment (when designing the technology), natural (geographical), climatic, and geological conditions, as well as the main parameters of the dump. Practical implications. A new technological scheme for waste rock dump development was proposed, involving the use of tracked dump trucks, which allows for the operation of steep slopes and a steep transport incline. The study examined the staged development of dumps using various technological schemes.