Assessment of existing cyclone shelters in disaster-prone areas of Bangladesh: A case study of Barguna and Bhola

Bangladesh, a low-lying riverine nation in South Asia, faces significant vulnerability to natural disasters due to its geographic position at the confluence of the Ganges (Padma), Brahmaputra (Jamuna), and Meghna Rivers. Its proximity to the Bay of Bengal further heightens the risk of frequent tropical cyclones, particularly during the monsoon season. The increasing severity of these events is compounded by climate change. This study assesses the current state of cyclone shelters in two disaster-prone districts, Barguna and Bhola, focusing on their architectural and structural adequacy. It identifies key challenges related to their functionality, highlights deficiencies in disaster preparedness, and evaluates design and construction aspects. The findings provide insights into existing limitations and propose strategic improvements to enhance the resilience and effectiveness of these shelters. Additionally, the study outlines areas for future research to strengthen disaster management initiatives.