Exploring trends, impact, and applications of artificial intelligence (AI) in language learning: From concept, definition, examples, to a comprehensive bibliometric analysis

This research explored the trends, impact, and applications of artificial intelligence (AI) in language learning through comprehensive bibliometric analysis. By analyzing the literature published over a certain period, we identified a growth pattern in publications related to the use of AI in language learning. Data collected from the Scopus database included relevant research articles from various countries/regions. The results of the analysis showed a significant increase in publications related to AI in language learning, especially since the 2023-2024 period, with the most frequently appearing subject area being computer science. Countries such as China, the United States, and the United Kingdom occupied the top positions in terms of research productivity in this field. This research also identified general applications of AI in language learning. The impact of applying AI in language learning was confirmed through increased personalization of learning and efficiency in evaluation. However, challenges such as limited technological infrastructure, data privacy concerns, and lack of preparedness of teaching staff were still the main obstacles to the wider implementation of AI. This research provided valuable insights for educators, researchers, and technology developers to optimize the use of AI in language education, as well as highlighting steps to overcome existing challenges.