Understanding shared e-scooters from a civic stakeholder perspective

Abstract The popularity of e-scooters has introduced both new challenges and opportunities for urban mobility. This paper explores shared e-scooters’ development and regulation internationally through a civic (non-profit-oriented) stakeholder lens. Nine international expert interviews were conducted spanning different types of organisations. Data were analysed using NVivo software. A stakeholder framework was used to identify and examine the needs of stakeholder groups, to aid understanding of behaviours, conflicts, and collaborations within the shared e-scooter ecosystem. The findings suggest that successful partnerships in the e-scooter sector require proactive government leadership, a competitive yet sustainable operator environment, and technological advancements. Clear responsibility distribution in regulation among government bodies and addressing public safety concerns are crucial. This paper also details the interests and interactions among typical stakeholders in a shared e-scooter scheme. By presenting diverse perspectives and experiences from different regions, this paper provides comprehensive insights into the current status and potential future developments of shared e-scooters. The findings offer an evidence base for proposing recommendations to engage stakeholders effectively and foster positive outcomes for shared e-scooter schemes.