Perceived understanding of students on the role of vaccines in the immune system: A study in the context of biological education0

This study explored the perceived understanding of Senior High School students in Zambales regarding the role of vaccines in the immune system, with particular attention to the influence of biological education and the prevalence of misconceptions. Using a descriptive quantitative research design, forty-eight (48) students participated through convenience sampling. Data collection was conducted using a structured questionnaire, and results were analyzed through basic statistical tools such as frequency, percentage, mean, and thematic analysis. Findings revealed that while a majority of students rated their understanding as "Good," misconceptions were widespread, particularly the beliefs that vaccines directly kill viruses and that vaccines serve as immediate cures. Students who had formal biology instruction scored higher in perceived understanding compared to those without prior exposure. Despite positive perceptions, the persistence of misconceptions emphasized the need for more interactive, critical-thinking-centered educational approaches. The study contributes to the broader discourse on science education by highlighting gaps between perceived and actual understanding and proposing instructional strategies to enhance vaccine literacy. Recommendations include the integration of simulation activities, real-world case discussions, and partnerships with healthcare professionals to reinforce accurate scientific knowledge.