Efficacy and Applications of Hydrogel Spacers in Prostate Cancer Radiotherapy

Introduction: Radiation therapy (RT) is a common treatment for prostate cancer (PCa), but it can cause significant side effects, especially on the patient's quality of life (QoL). Hydrogel spacers, such as SpaceOAR, have been developed to reduce these side effects by creating a barrier between the prostate and the rectum. Methodology: This clinical study and literature review analyzed the efficacy and applications of hydrogel spacers in PCa RT. Randomized and multicenter clinical trials, as well as systematic reviews and meta-analyses were reviewed. Efficacy was measured by the reduction of side effects, especially rectal ulceration, and by the improvement in patients' CT. Results: The results showed that using hydrogel spacers significantly reduced the incidence of serious side effects, such as rectal ulceration, in patients undergoing RT. In addition, patients who received hydrogel spacers reported improved QT and less discomfort during treatment. Discussion: It is important to minimize the side effects of RT to improve patients' CT. Hydrogel spacers have shown to be a promising approach, with significant benefits in terms of symptom reduction and improvement in CT. However, further studies are needed to confirm long-term results and to assess the long-term safety of hydrogel use. Conclusion: Hydrogel spacers represent an important innovation in PCa RT, offering an effective way to reduce side effects and improve patient outcomes. This study suggests that the use of hydrogel spacers should be considered a best practice in PCa RT treatments