The Importance of Using SGLT-2 Inhibitors in Heart Failure: An Updated Review

Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT-2i) have emerged as revolutionary therapeutic agents in the management of heart failure, regardless of the presence of diabetes mellitus.Originally developed for glycemic control, SGLT-2 inhibitors have shown significant benefits in reducing heart failure hospitalizations and cardiovascular mortality.These effects extend to patients with both reduced and preserved ejection fraction.The mechanisms of action are diverse and include the reduction of oxidative stress, modulation of volume overload, and metabolic cardioprotective effects, as well as improved renal function.High-impact studies, such as the EMPA-REG, DAPA-HF, and EMPEROR-Reduced clinical trials, reinforce the efficacy and safety of this drug class, consolidating its role in current heart failure treatment guidelines.