Vitamin B6 and Magnesium in Autism Spectrum Disorders: Potential Mechanisms and Clinical Applications

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a wide range of neurodevelopmental disorders characterized primarily by deficits in social communication, limited interests, and repetitive behavior patterns.In recent years, the prevalence of ASD has caught a lot of attention, gradually increasing over time [1][2].According to a report from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in 2020, about 1/36 in the U.S. ASD with boys being about 3.8 times more likely to have it than girls [3].According to the National Health Commission's "Guidelines for Screening and Intervention Services for ASD in Children Aged 0-6 (Trial)," the prevalence of ASD among children in China is about 0.7% [4].ASD severely impacts children's daily functioning and quality of life, and if effective intervention and treatment are not provided in a timely manner, it can impose a significant financial strain on families and society.The causes of ASD are complicated, with current research focusing on genetic and environmental factors, which interact and are widely believed to contribute to ASD [5].Nutrients are a key environmental factor, participating in many metabolic and neurodevelopmental processes in the human body.Vitamin B6 is critically regulates in amino acid metabolism, neurotransmitter synthesis, and fatty acid metabolism [6][7].Magnesium is an important mineral involved in energy production, protein synthesis, and cell signaling [8].Research indicates that vitamin B6 and magnesium might work together to affect brain function and emotions [9][10].In recent years, there has been increasing attention on the potential roles of vitamin B6 and magnesium in ASD.This review aims to explore the role of vitamin B6 and magnesium in ASD, analyze the potential biological mechanism and clinical application value of ASD, and deeply study the research and application of ASD, which may provide new ideas and new methods for its treatment.