Evolution of The Monetary Policy in The Khiva Khanate (Mid-19th Century to Early 20th Century as An Example)

This article explores the consequences of the Russian empire's economic colonial policies in the Khiva khanate during the second half of the 19th century and the early 20th century, focusing on the participation of financial institutions in monetary relations, changes in the monetary system, and the reforms carried out by the local government. The analysis is based on national sources and documents from the National Archive of Uzbekistan.