Nuevas Perspectivas Terapéuticas: Tratamiento Biológico en la Psoriasis

Psoriasis is a chronic, inflammatory, immune-mediated, genetically based skin disease that affects approximately 60 million people worldwide. It is often associated with systemic comorbidities such as cardiometabolic disorders, inflammatory bowel disease, uveitis, psoriatic arthritis and depression. In recent years, the introduction of biologic therapies has significantly transformed the therapeutic approach in patients with moderate to severe psoriasis, providing greater efficacy and improved quality of life. This literature review was performed by searching and analyzing studies published in high impact scientific databases, focusing on the most recent advances in the biological treatment of psoriasis, with emphasis on inhibitors targeting TNF-α, IL-17 and IL-23. Their mechanisms of action, clinical efficacy, safety profiles and therapeutic updates according to the most recent clinical guidelines are described. Despite the substantial benefits of these therapies, their discontinuation may lead to recurrences or progressive loss of efficacy. In addition, adverse effects such as infections, autoimmune complications and exacerbations of inflammatory diseases have been reported. Therefore, it is essential to continue investigating the immunopathogenesis and genetic basis of psoriasis in order to develop more effective and safer therapeutic strategies