Unveiling the Role of Immune Cells and Plasma Metabolites in Breast Cancer Risk: A Mendelian Randomization and Mediation Analysis

This study shows that vanillic acid glycine levels, the pyruvate to N-acetylneuraminate ratio, and cysteinylglycine disulfide levels can act as mediators in reducing breast cancer risk. These findings support the idea that metabolic pathways and metabolites are crucial in cancer progression, offering insights into potential biomarkers for early detection, treatment assessment, and recurrence prediction, thus paving the way for more personalized clinical approaches.