Genotyping of winter wheat accessions for yield selection in the conditions of Western Siberia

Nowadays winter wheat varieties are sown on a small area in Western Siberia. However due to climate warming, the prospects of this crop are constantly increasing. Therefore, breeding for increasing its winter hardiness and yield is an urgent task for this region. In 2022-2023, a collection of 96 accessions of winter wheat from breeding institutions of Russia, Bulgaria, Turkey, the USA, and the international TCI program (T?rkiye, СIMMYT, ICARDA) was studied according to generally accepted selection methods. Among the studied winter wheat varieties, 24 alleles of SNP loci were identified; the allele frequency ranged from 0.021 (ipbb_ta_197) to 0.990 (ipbb_ta_113; ipbb_ta_196). A low frequency of alleles occurrence (0.021–0.167) associated with spike length, grain weight per spike, and thousand kernel weight (ipbb_ta_197, ipbb_ta_219, ipbb_ta_257, ipbb_ta_263) was noted. Accessions Doneko, Donskaya Lyra (“Federal Rostov ASC”); Donskoy Surpriz, Don 107 (ASC “Donskoy”); Alekseich (“National Center of Grain named after P.P. Lukyanenko”); Gelibolu (Turkey); CO13D1299, KS13DH0030-32, KS13DH0020-59, KS13DH002722 (the USA), WBLL1*2/Kuruku/5/ Chuanmai 18...(TCI) were characterized by high yield (325–430 g/m2) due to the maximum combination of SNP loci, associated with yield and its components. These accessions are of breeding value as genetic sources of the studied quantitative traits for winter wheat hybridization programs.