The influence of perforations in the housing of a crushing disc on the efficiency of wood chip release

During the mechanical harvesting process, logging sites are often left with numerous wood residues such as limbs, branches, tops, trunk fragments, stumps, roots and other materials that have lost their original value. Nowadays, various types of crushers are used to convert these residues into chipped fuelwood. Mobile crushers are especially popular due to the possibility of their transportation directly to the place of processing, which avoids the need to erect foundations and connect to power grids. The task of creating highly efficient crushers for the production of chipped fuelwood is urgent. The paper presents the results of research of design parameters of the crushing disk housing and the working process of chip removal from the crusher pipeline. The total area of holes and gaps through which air enters is important for the formation of air flow in the pipeline. Therefore, the main design criteria of the air supply system for the crushing conveyor, are the diameter and number of perforation holes in the crushing disk housing. On the basis of the principles of mathematical calculation the influence patterns of technical characteristics on the chip removal process and the design and process parameters of the new design on the release mechanism are established. The research results in clearing of logging area on the territory of the enterprise “Saratovsky leskhoz” are used for scientific and educational activities of Saratov State Agrarian University. Laboratory tests of the prototype of the crusher showed that the number of perforation holes affects only when increasing the speed of rotation of the crushing disk, while the productivity of the machine increases by 25 %. In the absence of perforation holes, the efficiency criterion is reduced by 15–25 %, and when the size of the hole is up to 30 mm, all the criteria of efficiency of the mechanism are significantly increased. It is established that the preferred number of perforation holes in the housing of the crushing disk should correspond to 200.