Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor Inhibitors and Their Application in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

The fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) is a receptor possessing a tyrosine kinase domain, which modulates cellular activity upon binding with fibroblast growth factor (FGF). This receptor is also associated with cancer growth and migration. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a variant of lung cancer, with roughly 10% to 20% of patients demonstrating FGFR1 amplification. Therefore, for NSCLC cases with FGFR1 and FGFR amplification, as well as other cancers, FGFR inhibitors can be used for treatment. Based on the existing literature and data, this paper analyzes FGFR inhibitors and their applications in NSCLC. The research results indicate that FGFR inhibitors can be divided into two categories: selective and non-selective, and they exert anti-tumor effects by inhibiting the FGFR signaling pathway. However, during the process of using FGFR inhibitors to treat non-small cell lung cancer, there are situations such as drug resistance and drug toxicity, which can affect the treatment effect and the safety of patients. Future research needs to further explore the mechanisms of drug resistance and optimize treatment strategies, such as combining immunotherapy, so as to enhance the application value of FGFR inhibitors in the treatment of NSCLC.