Study on Antibiotics Residues and Antibiotic Resistance Detection Techniques by Raman Spectroscopy

In recent years, as people's standard of living rises, the need for meat and dairy products has increased greatly. From the perspective of antibiotic residues, it may be not a promising trend. Excess antibiotics can be accumulated through the food chain and finally become a threat to human health and the environment. Thus the detection and supervision of antibiotics residues play an important role in sustainable development. Also, the problem of antibiotic resistance has been increasingly serious nowadays. Before antibiotics were invented, there were many outbreaks caused by bacteria such as the Black Death, the Plague, and Anthrax. During that time, plenty of people died of bacterial infection, which has become an indelible wound in the history of mankind. Similarly, if pathogenic bacteria develop extensive antibiotic resistance, human health will be at great risk. Finding the right approaches to detect pathogen resistance is crucial. However, existing methods such as liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry are unable to meet the rapidly growing demand for swift and efficient detection. Raman spectroscopy, a non-destructive and non-contact method, can provide rapid information on the chemical structure, physical form, crystallinity and intermolecular interactions of the sample under test. Owing to these specificities, this method is valuable for purely qualitative analyses, highly quantitative analyses and molecular structure determination like antibiotic residues and antibiotic resistance detection. Together with artificial intelligence(AI) like machine learning, Raman spectroscopy will be used more widely.