Verifying the Phonological Permeability Hypothesis L3 Frenchs Regressive Impact on L2 English Aspirated Consonants

The provided study explores the impact of third language (L3) French acquisition on second language (L2) English pronunciation among native Chinese speakers, focusing on the influence of French on the articulation of aspirated consonants /p/, /t/, and /k/. Specifically, the research examines how learning French affects the voice onset time (VOT) of English voiceless plosives, thereby testing the Phonological Permeability Hypothesis (PPH). Voice onset time, a critical parameter in distinguishing voicing, was measured among 33 Chinese university students majoring in English, each with varying durations of French study. Findings reveal a significant reduction in VOT for English aspirated consonants as participants' French proficiency improved, particularly during the first two years of learning French, which saw the most substantial regression effect. This decline in VOT suggests that as learners develop proficiency in French, there is an observable influence of L3 French on their L2 English phonology, with effects stabilizing over time. The study provides empirical evidence supporting the PPH, highlighting a complex, dynamic interaction between multiple languages in multilingual learners. By shedding light on cross-linguistic phonological influence, this research contributes to the understanding of how L3 acquisition can influence previously acquired L2 sounds, emphasizing the permeability and adaptability of the multilingual phonological system.