Obstacles and Optimization Paths in the Implementation of High-Quality Farmer Cultivation Policies: An Analysis from the Perspective of T.B. Smith's Policy Implementation Process Model

The cultivation of high-quality farmers is a major means to comprehensively achieve rural revitalization. However, its development faces dilemmas such as imperfect training system construction, insufficient financial support for training work, and limited training supply quality. This paper uses T.B. Smith's Policy Implementation Process Model to analyze the factors affecting the implementation of high-quality farmer cultivation policies. It is found that at the policy itself level, the unbalanced allocation of policy tools and the ambiguity of policy content hinder policy implementation; at the implementation organization level, insufficient self-capacity building and insufficient participation of agriculture-related enterprises and social organizations affect the effectiveness of policy implementation; at the target group level, the aging population and low overall quality, as well as insufficient endogenous motivation, hinder policy implementation; at the environmental factors level, insufficient financial support restricts policy implementation. An in-depth analysis of their interaction mechanisms reveals that the blocked interaction between the policy itself and the implementation organization leads to an imperfect training system; the poor interaction between the environmental factors and the implementation organization leads to insufficient financial support for training work; the blocked interaction between the target group and the implementation organization leads to limited training supply quality. It is recommended to strengthen the construction of the policy system, improve top-level design; strengthen the capacity building of training institutions, and consolidate the cultivation foundation; focus on the characteristics of the target group to stimulate endogenous motivation; and optimize the policy implementation environment to break through the bottleneck of policy implementation.