Integration and Application of Supervision Evidence and the Exclusionary Rule for Illegally Obtained EvidenceWith a Discussion on the Protection of the Right to Defense of Investigated Individuals

The core issue of the "legal integration" between the Supervision Law and the Criminal Procedure Law lies in the connection of evidence, with particular attention to the problem of illegally obtained evidence in supervisory investigations. By establishing the normative logic for applying the exclusionary rule to supervision evidence, this study clarifies the scope of evidence types, the concept of "admissibility," and the principle of "consistency." A broad interpretation of the word "etc." in Article 33 of the Supervision Law helps to resolve interpretative dilemmas. Given the inherent difficulties in verifying, reasoning, and implementing the exclusionary rule for illegal evidence, as well as the structural limitations of internal authority division and self-exclusion within the supervisory commissions, it is essential to strengthen the trial-centered approach. Ensuring that evidence obtained through supervision investigations meets the evidentiary standards of criminal procedure is crucial for legal integration. The use of full-process audio and video recordings can protect the right to defense of investigated individuals while also safeguarding the digitization, preservation, and integration of supervision evidence.